The census 2011 has many firsts to its credit. Foremost among them is the creation of a National Population Register, a database of all ‘residents’ (as opposed to citizens) above the age of 15 years. The NPR will be a biometric database that will include photographs, fingerprints and iris prints apart from relevant demographic information. Built at an expenditure of Rs. 3,539.24 crore, the NPR is also an initiative yet to undertaken elsewhere in the world.
In other firsts, citizens’ access to new technologies like mobiles, computers and internet will also be recorded as part of the census. Technology will also be heavily relied upon to make the information collection process more efficient. For instance, GIS technology will be used to update population maps. The census has also found its way to Facebook and Twitter, where regular updates and important information will be provided routinely.
The 2011 census has detailed questions on disability, an attempt to recognise multiple types of disorders, apart from simply recording overall numbers.
Slogan of Census 2011 is “Our Census, Our Future"
New Features of Census 2011
Fresh Categories :
The following fresh categories have been incorporated for comprehensive and better data:
- Gender: New category "Other" introduced in addition to Male and Female.
- Date of Birth question introduced along with Age.
- Current Marital Status: Separate codes Assigned for Separated and Divorced.
- New filter Question on SC/ST Introduced - "Is this person SC/ST?"
- Disability: Household Schedule of Census 2011 attempts to collect information on eight types of disabilities as against five included in the Household Schedule of Census of India 2001. The information is being collected on disabilities namely, disability 'In Seeing', 'In Hearing', 'In Speech', 'In Movement', 'Mental retardation', 'Mental Illness', 'Any Other' and 'Multiple Disability'.
- Literacy Status for "Other" sex added in addition to existing Male and Female.
- New Codes under Status of Attendance in Educational Institutions introduced for Not Attending viz., (i) Attended before and (ii) Never attended.
- Work: Marginal workers have been classified into two categories viz., (i) worked for 3 months or more but less than 6 months (ii) worked for less than 3 months. The definition of 'Main worker' remains the same.
- A separate code-5 has been included under Non-economic activity for renters.
- Migration - Provision to specify the present name of the Village/Town of the Birth Place as well as the Place of Last Residence introduced.
- Name of the Institutional Household is also being recorded.
Census 2011 has taken initiatives to sensitise school students about census operations. The Census Organization is implementing "Census in School' programme across the country. This is specifically designed for the active participation of children in ensuring authenticity of census data of their families.
The programme covers about 60 to 80 schools in each of the 640 Districts in the country.
13. The mascot of an enumerator has been created for Census 2011 to make the process more people- friendly. The mascot helps people relate with the Census process and elucidates the key role of enumerators in the process.
The growth rate of population for India in the last decade was 17.64%. The growth rate of population in rural and urban areas was 12.18% and 31.80% respectively. Bihar (23.90%) exhibited the highest decadal growth rate in rural population.
India’s population in 1901 was about 238.4 million, which has increased by more than four times in 110 years to reach a population of 1,210 million in 2011.
The population of the country as per the provisional figures of Census 2011 is 1210.19 million of which 623.7 million (51.54%) are males and 586.46 million (48.46%) are females. The provisional figures of Census 2011 were released in New Delhi on Thursday by Union home secretary Shri G.K.Pillai and RGI Shri C Chandramouli.
The major highlights of the Census 2011 (Provisional figures) are as under:
*The population of India has increased by more than 181 million during the decade 2001-2011.
*Percentage growth in 2001-2011 is 17.64; males 17.19 and females 18.12.
*2001-2011 is the first decade (with the exception of 1911-1921) which has actually added lesser population compared to the previous decade.
*Uttar Pradesh (199.5 million) is the most populous State in the country followed by Maharashtra with 112 million.
*The percentage decadal growth rates of the six most populous States have declined during 2001-2011 compared to 1991-2001:
-Uttar Pradesh (25.85% to 20.09%)
-Maharashtra (22.73% to 15.99%)
-Bihar (28.62% to 25.07%)
-West Bengal (17.77 % to 13.93%)
-Andhra Pradesh (14.59% to 11.10%)
-Madhya Pradesh (24.26% to 20.30%)
*During 2001-2011, as many as 25 States/UTs with a share of about 85% of the country's population registered an annual growth rate of less than 2% as compared to, 15 States/UTs with a share of about 42% during the period 1991-2001.
*15 States/UTs have grown by less than 1.5 per cent per annum during 2001-2011, while the number of such States/UTs was only 4 during the previous decade.
*The total number of children in the age-group 0-6 is 158.8 million (-5 million since 2001)
*Twenty States and Union Territories now have over one million children in the age group 0-6 years. On the other extreme, there are five States and Union Territories in the country that are yet to reach the one hundred thousand mark.
*Uttar Pradesh (29.7 million), Bihar (18.6 million), Maharashtra (12.8 million), Madhya Pradesh (10.5 million) and Rajasthan (10.5 million) constitute 52% children in the age group of 0-6 years.
*Population (0-6 years) 2001-2011 registered minus (-)3.08 percent growth with minus (-)2.42 for males and -3.80 for females.
*The proportion of Child Population in the age group of 0-6 years to total population is 13.1 percent while the corresponding figure in 2001 was 15.9 percent. The decline has been to the extent of 2.8 points.
*Overall sex ratio at the national level has increased by 7 points to reach 940 at Census 2011 as against 933 in Census 2001. This is the highest sex ratio recorded since Census 1971 and a shade lower than 1961. Increase in sex ratio is observed in 29 States/UTs.
*Three major States (J&K, Bihar & Gujarat) have shown decline in sex ratio as compared to Census 2001.
*Kerala with 1084 has the highest sex ratio followed by Puducherry with 1038, Daman & Diu has the lowest sex ratio of 618.
*Child sex ratio (0-6 years) is 914. Increasing trend in the child sex ratio (0-6) seen in Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Mizoram and A&N Islands. In all remaining 27 States/UTs, the child sex ratio show decline over Census 2001.
*Mizoram has the highest child sex ratio (0-6 years) of 971 followed by Meghalaya with 970. Haryana is at the bottom with ratio of 830 followed by Punjab with 846.
*Literacy rate has gone up from 64.83 per cent in 2001 to 74.04 per cent in 2011 showing an increase of 9.21 percentage points.
*Percentage growth in literacy during 2001-2011 is 38.82; males : 31.98% & females : 49.10%.
*Literates constitute 74 per cent of the total population aged seven and above and illiterates form 26 percent.
Links
Introduction (Census of India)
Size,Growth Rate and Distribution of Population
Size ,Growth Rate and Distribution of Child Population ( 0 - 6 years age group)
Density of Population
Gender Composition of the Population
State of Literacy
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